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Ludhiana
Ludhiana is the largest and most populous city in the Indian state of Punjab. The city has an estimated population of 1,618,879 as of the 2011 census and is spread over 310 km2 (120 sq mi), making Ludhiana the most populous urban center in the state. It is a major industrial center in northern India, dubbed "the Manchester of India" by the BBC. It is also known as the commercial capital of Punjab.
It lies on the former bank of the Sutlej River, which now lies 13 kilometers (8.1 mi) south of its current course. The Union Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs has ranked Ludhiana 48th among the top 100 smart cities and according to the World Bank, the city has been ranked as one of the easiest Indian cities to do business in.
Ludhiana was founded in 1480 by members of the ruling Lodhi dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. The ruling sultan, Sikandar Lodhi, sent two ruling leaders, Yusuf Khan and Nihad Khan, to reassert control over Lodhi. The two men camped at the site of present-day Ludhiana, which was then a village called Mir Hota. Yusuf Khan crossed the Sutlej and founded Sultanpur, while Nihad Khan founded Ludhiana at the site of Mir Hota.
The name was originally Lodhi-ana", meaning "city of Lodhi", which has since changed from "Lodiana" to the present form of Ludhiana. The Lodhi Fort, or "Purana Qila", is henceforth the only Surviving structure in the Located near Fatehgarh, it was well maintained under Ranjit Singh and the British after him, but subsequently fell into disrepair and was declared a state protected monument in December 2013.
The semicentenary celebration of the Lodian American Presbyterian Mission was held in Ludhiana from December 3 to 7, 1884.
The ancient city of Ludhiana includes iconic places like Lodhi Fort, Daresi Grounds, Clock Tower and Sood Family Haveli.

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